Pengaruh Mikrosfer Kitosan Minyak Kelapa Sawit pada Ginjal Mus musculus Diinduksi NTA
Abstract
NTA (Nekrosis Tubular Akut) merupakan sindrom GGA (Gagal Ginjal Akut) intrinsik karena kondisi iskemia atau paparan agen nefrotoksik. Hal tersebut menyebabkan banyak sel tubulus mengalami kematian dan menurunkan fungsi tubulus sehingga berakibat GGA. Proses peroksidasi lipid dapat menyebabkan NTA dan dihasilkan radikal bebas malondialdehida (MDA) yang dapat merusak fungsi sel. Minyak kelapa sawit dengan kandungan senyawa antioksidan mampu memperbaiki kondisi NTA dengan menghambat proses peroksidasi lipid sehingga kadar MDA menurun. Minyak kelapa sawit dengan pembawa kitosan dalam bentuk mikrosfer memungkinkan peningkatan bioavaibilitas minyak kelapa sawit sehingga dapat menembus ginjal. Studi experimental post-test only controlled group design dilakukan pada 24 Mus musculus yang terbagi dalam 6 kelompok yaitu kontrol positif (KP), kontrol negatif (KN), kelompok mikrosfer kitosan minyak kelapa sawit dosis 0,072 mg/gBB (P1) dan dosis 0,107 mg/gBB (P2), serta kelompok minyak kelapa sawit dosis 0,14 mg/gBB (P3) dan dosis 0,21 mg/gBB (P4). Variabel yang diukur adalah kadar  MDA menggunakan metode spektrofotometri (Na-TBA). Hasil menunjukkan kadar MDA dari yang tertinggi sampai yang terendah berturut-turut adalah KP, P1, P2, P3, P4, dan KN. Kelompok KN, P2, P3, dan P4 memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan dengan KP (p < 0,001) sementara kelompok KP, P1, P2, P3, dan P4 memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan dengan KN (p < 0,001). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa  mikrosfer kitosan minyak kelapa sawit dapat menurunkan kadar MDA Mus musculus yang mengalami NTA pada dosis mikrosfer minyak kelapa sawit sebesar 0,107 mg/gBB.
Kata kunci: LMWC, Malondialdehida, Mikrosfer, Minyak Kelapa Sawit, Nekrosis Tubular Akut, Peroksidasi LipidReferences
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